About “SQL Injection”

A curated feed of “SQL Injection”-related CVEs appears below. We currently track 20884 CVEs for this tag (all time). In the last 365 days, 4058 were published. Average CVSS is 7.7 (all time; 7.3 over 365d), and 76% are rated High/Critical (all time). Top CWEs (last 365 days): CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection'), CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation.

In our taxonomy this topic maps to a HIGH impact class. Common exploitation patterns for this weakness can lead to high. Use the filters to triage high risk first and validate exposure in your environment. Use the filters below to sort by CVSS, risk and CWE. Each detail page highlights vendor advisories and mitigation tips.

CVEs tagged with this topic. Filters apply to the whole list (loaded from JSON).

CVSS ≥ 0.0
2021-12-22
Medium

CVE-2021-21928

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests at ‘mac_filter’ parameter to trigger this vulnerability. This can be done as any authentic…

Medium

CVE-2021-21927

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities. This can be done as any authenticated user or through cr…

Medium

CVE-2021-21926

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities. This can be done as any authenticated user or through cr…

Medium

CVE-2021-21925

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities. This can be done as any authenticated user or through cr…

Medium

CVE-2021-21924

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities. This can be done as any authenticated user or through cr…

Medium

CVE-2021-21923

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ‘company_filter’ parameter with the administrative accoun…

Medium

CVE-2021-21922

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ‘username_filter’ parameter with the administrative accou…

Medium

CVE-2021-21921

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ‘name_filter’ parameter with the administrative account o…

Medium

CVE-2021-21920

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ‘surname_filter’ parameter with the administrative accoun…

Medium

CVE-2021-21919

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ord’ parameter. However, the high privilege super-adminis…

Medium

CVE-2021-21918

A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to SQL injection. An attacker can make authenticated HTTP requests to trigger this vulnerability at ‘name_filter’ parameter. However, the high privilege supe…

High

CVE-2021-21917

An exploitable SQL injection vulnerability exist in the ‘group_list’ page of the Advantech R-SeeNet 2.4.15 (30.07.2021). A specially-crafted HTTP request at '‘ord’ parameter. An attacker can make aut…

High

CVE-2021-21916

An exploitable SQL injection vulnerability exist in the ‘group_list’ page of the Advantech R-SeeNet 2.4.15 (30.07.2021). A specially-crafted HTTP request at 'description_filter’ parameter. An attacke…

High

CVE-2021-21915

An exploitable SQL injection vulnerability exist in the ‘group_list’ page of the Advantech R-SeeNet 2.4.15 (30.07.2021). A specially-crafted HTTP request at ‘company_filter’ parameter. An attacker ca…

Critical

CVE-2021-43631

Projectworlds Hospital Management System v1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via the appointment_no parameter in payment.php.

High

CVE-2021-43630

Projectworlds Hospital Management System v1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via multiple parameters in add_patient.php. As a result, an authenticated malicious user can compromise the databases syst…

Critical

CVE-2021-43629

Projectworlds Hospital Management System v1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via multiple parameters in admin_home.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-43628

Projectworlds Hospital Management System v1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via the email parameter in hms-staff.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-43157

Projectsworlds Online Shopping System PHP 1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via the id parameter in cart_remove.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-43155

Projectsworlds Online Book Store PHP v1.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection via the "bookisbn" parameter in cart.php.

High

CVE-2021-43851

Anuko Time Tracker is an open source, web-based time tracking application written in PHP. SQL injection vulnerability exist in multiple files in Time Tracker version 1.19.33.5606 and prior due to not…

2021-12-21
Critical

CVE-2021-45255

The email parameter from ajax.php of Video Sharing Website 1.0 appears to be vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. A payload injects a SQL sub-query that calls MySQL's load_file function with a UNC fi…

Critical

CVE-2021-45253

The id parameter in view_storage.php from Simple Cold Storage Management System 1.0 appears to be vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. A payload injects a SQL sub-query that calls MySQL's load_file f…

Critical

CVE-2021-45252

Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities are found on Simple Forum-Discussion System 1.0 For example on three applications which are manage_topic.php, manage_user.php, and ajax.php. The attacker can be…

High

CVE-2021-24846

The get_query() function of the Ni WooCommerce Custom Order Status WordPress plugin before 1.9.7, used by the niwoocos_ajax AJAX action, available to all authenticated users, does not properly saniti…

High

CVE-2021-24750

The WP Visitor Statistics (Real Time Traffic) WordPress plugin before 4.8 does not properly sanitise and escape the refUrl in the refDetails AJAX action, available to any authenticated user, which co…

2021-12-20
High

CVE-2021-3860

JFrog Artifactory before 7.25.4 (Enterprise+ deployments only), is vulnerable to Blind SQL Injection by a low privileged authenticated user due to incomplete validation when performing an SQL query.

High

CVE-2021-35234

Numerous exposed dangerous functions within Orion Core has allows for read-only SQL injection leading to privileged escalation. An attacker with low-user privileges may steal password hashes and pass…

2021-12-19
High

CVE-2021-45041

SuiteCRM before 7.12.2 and 8.x before 8.0.1 allows authenticated SQL injection via the Tooltips action in the Project module, involving resource_id and start_date.

2021-12-17
Critical

CVE-2021-40850

TCMAN GIM is vulnerable to a SQL injection vulnerability inside several available webservice methods in /PC/WebService.asmx.

Medium

CVE-2021-41843

An authenticated SQL injection issue in the calendar search function of OpenEMR 6.0.0 before patch 3 allows an attacker to read data from all tables of the database via the parameter provider_id, as…

2021-12-16
High

CVE-2021-41262

Galette is a membership management web application built for non profit organizations and released under GPLv3. Versions prior to 0.9.6 are subject to SQL injection attacks by users with "member" pri…

2021-12-15
Critical

CVE-2021-44350

SQL Injection vulnerability exists in ThinkPHP5 5.0.x <=5.1.22 via the parseOrder function in Builder.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-44655

Online Pre-owned/Used Car Showroom Management System 1.0 contains a SQL injection authentication bypass vulnerability. Admin panel authentication can be bypassed due to SQL injection vulnerability in…

Critical

CVE-2021-44653

Online Magazine Management System 1.0 contains a SQL injection authentication bypass vulnerability. The Admin panel authentication can be bypassed due to SQL injection vulnerability in the login form…

Critical

CVE-2021-42945

A SQL Injection vulnerability exists in ZZCMS 2021 via the askbigclassid parameter in /admin/ask.php.

2021-12-14
High

CVE-2021-43830

OpenProject is a web-based project management software. OpenProject versions >= 12.0.0 are vulnerable to a SQL injection in the budgets module. For authenticated users with the "Edit budgets" permiss…

Critical

CVE-2021-45014

There is an upload sql injection vulnerability in the background of taocms 3.0.2 in parameter id:action=cms&ctrl=update&id=26

2021-12-13
High

CVE-2021-43822

Jackalope Doctrine-DBAL is an implementation of the PHP Content Repository API (PHPCR) using a relational database to persist data. In affected versions users can provoke SQL injections if they can s…

Critical

CVE-2021-44966

SQL injection bypass authentication vulnerability in PHPGURUKUL Employee Record Management System 1.2 via index.php. An attacker can log in as an admin account of this system and can destroy, change…

Critical

CVE-2021-24946

The Modern Events Calendar Lite WordPress plugin before 6.1.5 does not sanitise and escape the time parameter before using it in a SQL statement in the mec_load_single_page AJAX action, available to…

Critical

CVE-2021-24863

The WP Block and Stop Bad Bots Crawlers and Spiders and Anti Spam Protection Plugin StopBadBots WordPress plugin before 6.67 does not sanitise and escape the User Agent before using it in a SQL state…

High

CVE-2021-24861

The Quotes Collection WordPress plugin through 2.5.2 does not validate and escape the bulkcheck parameter before using it in a SQL statement, leading to a SQL injection

High

CVE-2021-24848

The mediamaticAjaxRenameCategory AJAX action of the Mediamatic WordPress plugin before 2.8.1, available to any authenticated user, does not sanitise the categoryID parameter before using it in a SQL…

High

CVE-2021-24747

The SEO Booster WordPress plugin before 3.8 allows for authenticated SQL injection via the "fn_my_ajaxified_dataloader_ajax" AJAX request as the $_REQUEST['order'][0]['dir'] parameter is not properly…

2021-12-09
Critical

CVE-2021-43608

Doctrine DBAL 3.x before 3.1.4 allows SQL Injection. The escaping of offset and length inputs to the generation of a LIMIT clause was not probably cast to an integer, allowing SQL injection to take p…

High

CVE-2021-40282

An SQL Injection vulnerability exists in zzcms 8.2, 8.3, 2020, abd 2021 in dl/dl_download.php. when registering ordinary users.

High

CVE-2021-40281

An SQL Injection vulnerability exists in zzcms 8.2, 8.3, 2020, and 2021 in dl/dl_print.php when registering ordinary users.

Critical

CVE-2021-41695

An SQL Injection vulnerability exists in Premiumdatingscript 4.2.7.7 via the ip parameter in connect.php. .

High

CVE-2021-40280

An SQL Injection vulnerablitly exits in zzcms 8.2, 8.3, 2020, and 2021 via the id parameter in admin/dl_sendmail.php.

High

CVE-2021-40279

An SQL Injection vulnerability exists in zzcms 8.2, 8.3, 2020, and 2021 via the id parameter in admin/bad.php.

2021-12-08
Critical

CVE-2021-41063

SQL injection vulnerability was discovered in Aanderaa GeoView Webservice prior to version 2.1.3 that could allow an unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands.

High

CVE-2021-40861

A SQL Injection in the custom filter query component in Genesys intelligent Workload Distribution (IWD) 9.0.017.07 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries via the value attribute, with wh…

High

CVE-2021-40860

A SQL Injection in the custom filter query component in Genesys intelligent Workload Distribution (IWD) before 9.0.013.11 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries via the ql_expression par…

High

CVE-2021-42760

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiWLM version 8.6.1 and below allows attacker to disclose sensitive information from DB tables vi…

2021-12-07
High

CVE-2021-40578

Authenticated Blind & Error-based SQL injection vulnerability was discovered in Online Enrollment Management System in PHP and PayPal Free Source Code 1.0, that allows attackers to obtain sensitive i…

High

CVE-2021-43789

PrestaShop is an Open Source e-commerce web application. Versions of PrestaShop prior to 1.7.8.2 are vulnerable to blind SQL injection using search filters with `orderBy` and `sortOrder` parameters.…

High

CVE-2021-42131

A SQL Injection vulnerability exists in Ivanti Avalance before 6.3.3 allows an attacker with access to the Inforail Service to perform privilege escalation.

Critical

CVE-2021-29114

A SQL injection vulnerability in feature services provided by Esri ArcGIS Server 10.9 and below allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to impact the confidentiality, integrity and availability of…

2021-12-06
Critical

CVE-2021-31632

b2evolution CMS v7.2.3 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the parameter cfqueryparam in the User login section. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code…

High

CVE-2021-40313

Piwigo v11.5 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the parameter pwg_token in /admin/batch_manager_global.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-24943

The Registrations for the Events Calendar WordPress plugin before 2.7.6 does not sanitise and escape the event_id in the rtec_send_unregister_link AJAX action (available to both unauthenticated and a…

Critical

CVE-2021-24931

The Secure Copy Content Protection and Content Locking WordPress plugin before 2.8.2 does not escape the sccp_id parameter of the ays_sccp_results_export_file AJAX action (available to both unauthent…

Critical

CVE-2021-24866

The WP Data Access WordPress plugin before 5.0.0 does not properly sanitise and escape the backup_date parameter before using it a SQL statement, leading to a SQL injection issue and could allow arbi…

Critical

CVE-2021-43035

An issue was discovered in Kaseya Unitrends Backup Appliance before 10.5.5. Two unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerabilities were discovered, allowing arbitrary SQL queries to be injected and execut…

2021-12-03
Critical

CVE-2021-35414

Chamilo LMS v1.11.x was discovered to contain a SQL injection via the doc parameter in main/plagiarism/compilatio/upload.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-44349

SQL Injection vulnerability exists in TuziCMS v2.0.6 via the id parameter in App\Manage\Controller\DownloadController.class.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-44348

SQL Injection vulnerability exists in TuziCMS v2.0.6 via the id parameer in App\Manage\Controller\AdvertController.class.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-44347

SQL Injection vulnerability exists in TuziCMS v2.0.6 in App\Manage\Controller\GuestbookController.class.php.

2021-12-02
High

CVE-2021-25784

Taocms v2.5Beta5 was discovered to contain a blind SQL injection vulnerability via the function Edit Article.

High

CVE-2021-25783

Taocms v2.5Beta5 was discovered to contain a blind SQL injection vulnerability via the function Article Search.

Medium

CVE-2021-44050

CA Network Flow Analysis (NFA) 21.2.1 and earlier contain a SQL injection vulnerability in the NFA web application, due to insufficient input validation, that could potentially allow an authenticated…

Critical

CVE-2021-43679

ecshop v2.7.3 is affected by a SQL injection vulnerability in shopex\ecshop\upload\api\client\api.php.

2021-12-01
High

CVE-2020-35012

The Events Manager WordPress plugin before 5.9.8 does not sanitise and escape a parameter before using it in a SQL statement, leading to an SQL Injection

Critical

CVE-2021-43451

SQL Injection vulnerability exists in PHPGURUKUL Employee Record Management System 1.2 via the Email POST parameter in /forgetpassword.php.

Critical

CVE-2021-44280

attendance management system 1.0 is affected by a SQL injection vulnerability in admin/incFunctions.php through the makeSafe function.

2021-11-30
High

CVE-2021-36328

Dell EMC Streaming Data Platform versions before 1.3 contain a SQL Injection Vulnerability. A remote malicious user may potentially exploit this vulnerability to execute SQL commands to perform unaut…

Critical

CVE-2021-41679

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in version 8.0 of openSIS when MySQL or MariaDB is used as the application database. An attacker can then issue the SQL command through the /opensis/modules/grade…

Critical

CVE-2021-41678

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in version 8.0 of openSIS when MySQL or MariaDB is used as the application database. An attacker can then issue the SQL command through the /opensis/modules/users…

Critical

CVE-2021-41677

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in version 8.0 of openSIS when MySQL or MariaDB is used as the application database. An attacker can then issue the SQL command through the /opensis/functions/Get…

2021-11-29
Critical

CVE-2021-44427

An unauthenticated SQL Injection vulnerability in Rosario Student Information System (aka rosariosis) before 8.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute PostgreSQL statements (e.g., SELECT, INSERT, UPDA…

High

CVE-2021-24860

The BSK PDF Manager WordPress plugin before 3.1.2 does not validate and escape the orderby and order parameters before using them in a SQL statement, leading to a SQL injection issue

High

CVE-2021-24755

The myCred WordPress plugin before 2.3 does not validate or escape the fields parameter before using it in a SQL statement, leading to an SQL injection exploitable by any authenticated user

High

CVE-2021-24748

The Email Before Download WordPress plugin before 6.8 does not properly validate and escape the order and orderby GET parameters before using them in SQL statements, leading to authenticated SQL inje…

2021-11-26
High

CVE-2021-36807

An authenticated user could potentially execute code via an SQLi vulnerability in the user portal of SG UTM before version 9.708 MR8.

2021-11-24
High

CVE-2021-36916

The SQL injection vulnerability in the Hide My WP WordPress plugin (versions <= 6.2.3) is possible because of how the IP address is retrieved and used inside a SQL query. The function "hmwp_get_user_…

2021-11-23
High

CVE-2021-36299

Dell iDRAC9 versions 4.40.00.00 and later, but prior to 4.40.29.00 and 5.00.00.00 contain an SQL injection vulnerability. A remote authenticated malicious user with low privileges may potentially exp…

High

CVE-2021-24877

The MainWP Child WordPress plugin before 4.1.8 does not validate the orderby and order parameter before using them in a SQL statement, leading to an SQL injection exploitable by high privilege users…

2021-11-19
Medium

CVE-2021-43408

The "Duplicate Post" WordPress plugin up to and including version 1.1.9 is vulnerable to SQL Injection. SQL injection vulnerabilities occur when client supplied data is included within an SQL Query i…

Critical

CVE-2021-44026

Roundcube before 1.3.17 and 1.4.x before 1.4.12 is prone to a potential SQL injection via search or search_params.

2021-11-17
Critical

CVE-2021-41931

The Company's Recruitment Management System in id=2 of the parameter from view_vacancy app on-page appears to be vulnerable to SQL injection. The payloads 19424269' or '1309'='1309 and 39476597' or '…

High

CVE-2021-24847

The importFromRedirection AJAX action of the SEO Redirection Plugin – 301 Redirect Manager WordPress plugin before 8.2, available to any authenticated user, does not properly sanitise the offset para…

High

CVE-2021-24772

The Stream WordPress plugin before 3.8.2 does not sanitise and validate the order GET parameter from the Stream Records admin dashboard before using it in a SQL statement, leading to an SQL injection…

2021-11-16
Critical

CVE-2021-43362

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in MedData HBYS allows SQL Injection.This issue affects HBYS: from unspecified before 1.1.

Critical

CVE-2021-43361

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in MedData HBYS allows SQL Injection.This issue affects HBYS: from unspecified before 1.1.

Critical

CVE-2021-3958

Improper Handling of Parameters vulnerability in Ipack Automation Systems Ipack SCADA Software allows : Blind SQL Injection.This issue affects Ipack SCADA Software: from unspecified before 1.1.0.

2021-11-15
Critical

CVE-2021-42580

Sourcecodester Online Learning System 2.0 is vunlerable to sql injection authentication bypass in admin login file (/admin/login.php) and authenticated file upload in (Master.php) file , we can craft…

Critical

CVE-2021-41765

A SQL injection issue in pages/edit_fields/9_ajax/add_keyword.php of ResourceSpace 9.5 and 9.6 < rev 18274 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the k paramete…

2021-11-14
High

CVE-2021-26795

A SQL Injection vulnerability in /appliance/shiftmgn.php in TalariaX sendQuick Alert Plus Server Admin 4.3 before 8HF11 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via a Roster Time to Roster Ma…

2021-11-11
Critical

CVE-2021-41081

Zoho ManageEngine Network Configuration Manager before 125465 is vulnerable to SQL Injection in a configuration search.

Critical

CVE-2021-41080

Zoho ManageEngine Network Configuration Manager before 125465 is vulnerable to SQL Injection in a hardware details search.

2021-11-08
High

CVE-2021-24844

The Affiliates Manager WordPress plugin before 2.8.7 does not validate the orderby parameter before using it in an SQL statement in the admin dashboard, leading to an SQL Injection issue

High

CVE-2021-24835

The WCFM – Frontend Manager for WooCommerce along with Bookings Subscription Listings Compatible WordPress plugin before 6.5.12, when used in combination with another WCFM - WooCommerce Multivendor p…

High

CVE-2021-24829

The Visitor Traffic Real Time Statistics WordPress plugin before 3.9 does not validate and escape user input passed to the today_traffic_index AJAX action (available to any authenticated users) befor…

Critical

CVE-2021-24827

The Asgaros Forum WordPress plugin before 1.15.13 does not validate and escape user input when subscribing to a topic before using it in a SQL statement, leading to an unauthenticated SQL injection i…

Critical

CVE-2021-24731

The Registration Forms – User profile, Content Restriction, Spam Protection, Payment Gateways, Invitation Codes WordPress plugin before 3.7.1.6 does not properly escape user data before using it in a…

High

CVE-2021-24669

The MAZ Loader – Preloader Builder for WordPress plugin before 1.3.3 does not validate or escape the loader_id parameter of the mzldr shortcode, which allows users with a role as low as Contributor t…

High

CVE-2021-24631

The Unlimited PopUps WordPress plugin through 4.5.3 does not sanitise or escape the did GET parameter before using it in a SQL statement, available to users as low as editor, leading to an authentica…

High

CVE-2021-24628

The Wow Forms WordPress plugin through 3.1.3 does not sanitise or escape a 'did' GET parameter before using it in a SQL statement, when deleting a form in the admin dashboard, leading to an authentic…

High

CVE-2021-24627

The G Auto-Hyperlink WordPress plugin through 1.0.1 does not sanitise or escape an 'id' GET parameter before using it in a SQL statement, to select data to be displayed in the admin dashboard, leadin…

High

CVE-2021-24626

The Chameleon CSS WordPress plugin through 1.2 does not have any CSRF and capability checks in all its AJAX calls, allowing any authenticated user, such as subscriber to call them and perform unautho…

High

CVE-2021-24625

The SpiderCatalog WordPress plugin through 1.7.3 does not sanitise or escape the 'parent' and 'ordering' parameters from the admin dashboard before using them in a SQL statement, leading to a SQL inj…

High

CVE-2021-24575

The School Management System – WPSchoolPress WordPress plugin before 2.1.10 does not properly sanitize or use prepared statements before using POST variable in SQL queries, leading to SQL injection i…

High

CVE-2021-28022

Blind SQL injection in the login form in ServiceTonic Helpdesk software < 9.0.35937 allows attacker to exfiltrate information via specially crafted HQL-compatible time-based SQL queries.

Critical

CVE-2021-42077

PHP Event Calendar before 2021-09-03 allows SQL injection, as demonstrated by the /server/ajax/user_manager.php username parameter. This can be used to execute SQL statements directly on the database…

2021-11-05
Critical

CVE-2020-22226

Stivasoft (Phpjabbers) Fundraising Script v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the pjActionSetAmount function.

Critical

CVE-2020-22225

Stivasoft (Phpjabbers) Fundraising Script v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the pjActionLoadForm function.

Critical

CVE-2020-22223

Stivasoft (Phpjabbers) Fundraising Script v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the pjActionLoad function.

Critical

CVE-2021-42670

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in Sourcecodester Engineers Online Portal in PHP via the id parameter to the announcements_student.php web page. As a result a malicious user can extract sensitiv…

Critical

CVE-2021-42668

A SQL Injection vulnerability exists in Sourcecodester Engineers Online Portal in PHP via the id parameter in the my_classmates.php web page.. As a result, an attacker can extract sensitive data from…